Introduction

As data has grown around the globe, there has been a clear and growing interest in non-relational databases, commonly known as "NoSQL." Businesses and organisations are looking for creative ways to handle the data deluge, and they're drawn to alternative database management tools and systems that are different from the conventional relational database systems. MongoDB now enters the picture.

What is MongoDB?

For large-scale data archiving, MongoDB, a NoSQL document-oriented database, is used. MongoDB uses collections and documents as opposed to typical relational databases, which employ tables and rows.

Key-value pairs, the fundamental building blocks of data in MongoDB, are made up of documents.

Collections, which function and organise document sets similarly to relational database tables, include sets of documents. The database MongoDB first gained popularity in the middle of the 2000s.

MongoDB Atlas is a cloud-based database solution with global availability for modern applications.

MongoDB's superior automation and tried-and-true techniques enable a fully managed deployment across AWS, Google Cloud, and Azure.

How Does MongoDB Work ?

• Unlike typical relational databases, which retain data in tables and rows, MongoDB maintains data objects in collections and documents. Groups of documents called collections, which mimic relational database tables in structure, make up collections.

• Key-value pairs—the fundamental data types of MongoDB—are made up of documents.

• Adding or removing fields makes it simple to alter the document's structure.

• Primary keys can have any number of values, including arrays, other documents, and arrays of documents, which are used by documents to identify them uniquely.

• Created by Mongo.Inc., MongoDB is an open-source document-oriented database. There is room for big data storage. The term "NoSQL database" is another moniker for it.

Features of MongoDB:-

1. Data is more flexible, usable, and understandable in MongoDB because it is stored in key-value pairs rather than rows and columns and has a unique object ID for each document.

2. Scalability: MongoDB offers horizontal scalability through sharding. Sharding is the process of distributing the data among several servers.

3. Better data accessibility: Data may be removed for any number of reasons, and MongoDB offers horizontal scalability. In that situation, it offers the backup and restore feature. This is a fantastic technique to improve the stability and availability of data.

4. Load balancing is another function offered by replication. Replication enables the burden to be divided among all users when many users are accessing the same data concurrently.

5. Indexing: MongoDB offers an indexing feature that allows you to index any document field. When we have a lot of data, it is quicker and easier to find.

6. Ad-hoc query support You can update it in real time using ad-hoc queries in MongoDB. The field queries, range queries, and regular expression searches provided by MongoDB include some of them.

The Pros And Cons of MongoDB

Let's look at the benefits and drawbacks of MongoDB now that we have seen its main characteristics.

Pros of MongoDB

• Flexibility: The MongoDB database lacks a schema. Therefore, we can save any kind of data in various documents. This enables us to store any kind of data since it gives us flexibility.
• High Speed: Because MongoDB is a document-oriented database, its speed is faster than that of relational databases. Additionally, it offers quick query responses.
• Full Technical Support: You can contact the MongoDB client support system directly if you need assistance. All clients are supported by MongoDB, Inc.
• Simpleness: When compared to SQL, MongoDB queries are simple to understand. MongoDB's queries are so straightforward that everyone can comprehend them.
• Sharding: MongoDB employs sharding to manage huge datasets. With the aid of sharding, we partition the data and spread it among different servers when a server is unable to manage it owing to a high amount of data without pausing the activity.

Con of MongoDB

Despite having so many benefits, an update is always possible. Nothing is entirely finished or flawless.

There are some limitations to MongoDB. Let’s get into it:

• Joins: Joining documents in MongoDB is a highly challenging process. Although it takes a lot of time, users can use the join functionality manually by writing code.
• High Memory Usage: MongoDB uses a lot of needless memory because to data repetition. As a result, MangoDB needs a lot of storage.
• Duplication: MongoDB's main drawback is the duplication of data, which makes handling massive data sets challenging at times.
• With the appropriate index, MongoDB offers High-speed performance. When employing indexing, if there are any issues MongoDB will operate very slowly.
• Limited Data Capacity: MongoDB allows for a maximum data size of 16MB.

Conclusion

Out of all of them, MongoDB is the NoSQL database type that is most widely used. MongoDB is the standard database for all huge data applications. The demand for MongoDB specialists in the IT industry is significant, and the technology has promising future possibilities. In the foreseeable future, MongoDB will be in greater demand.