It involves connecting two or more computing devices so that they can communicate and exchange data. IoT devices, smartphones, tablets, laptops, and other computing devices can all be included in this category. Wireless or wired connections are used to connect these devices.

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The software we use on a daily basis, such as browsers, WhatsApp, email clients, and so on, all use computer networks in the background to exchange data with other machines. A computer network is created when hardware and software successfully facilitate effective communication between computers.

Components of Computer Network

The parts (hardware, software, or medium) of computing devices that contribute to the formation of a computer network are known as components of a computer network. A computer network is composed of three distinct parts:

  • Node
  • Media
  • Services

These are further divided into the many constituent components, which we shall see in the following section of this article. Let's first grasp the fundamentals of these three components:

A node is any device that has the ability to send and receive data produced by other nodes in the network, such as a computer, printer, or other similar hardware. Computers, routers, hub/switches, etc. are some examples.

A media is a form of transmission that links various nodes and aids in moving data from one node to another in a network. WiredorWireless is an example.

 

Services are actions that may be carried out with a computer network's assistance. Example: Email, chat, and web browsing.

These are the superset of the fundamental components needed to build a computer network. These also have a connection to the hardware. And the computer network can be built using this. Now that the connection has been established, resource sharing can be carried out effectively using the software components known as protocols.

Therefore, the term "protocols" simply refers to the set of guidelines that each node in the network must accept in order for data transmission to be successful.

And in the real world, a number of protocols, including the TCP/IP Model, are used in computer networks to transfer data.